Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Global Climate Change

Global Climate Change

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.

What is Climate?

What is Climate?

Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.

Introduction to Plant Diversity

Introduction to Plant Diversity

From Water to Land

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.

Formation of Species

Formation of Species

Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Chondrocytic and pharmacokinetic properties of Phlpp inhibitors.

Osteoarthritis and cartilage open·2022

Same author

Direct Measurement of Single-Molecule Ligand-Receptor Interactions.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2020

Same author

Assessment of Plasma S-Nitrosothiol Concentration by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometry and Plasma Nitrotyrosine Levels by ELISA in Behçet's Disease.

EJIFCC·2018

Same author

A qualitative analysis to optimize a telemonitoring intervention for heart failure patients from disparity communities.

BMC medical informatics and decision making·2016

Same author

Fossil evidence of the zygomycetous fungi.

Persoonia·2013

Same author

Clinical laboratory markers of inflammation as determinants of chronic graft-versus-host disease activity and NIH global severity.

Leukemia·2011

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimate and Paleoecology with Fossil Leaves Using Digital Leaf Physiognomy and Leaf Mass Per Area

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimate and Paleoecology with Fossil Leaves Using Digital Leaf Physiognomy and Leaf Mass Per Area

Published on: October 25, 2024

Permian polar forests: deciduousness and environmental variation.

E L Gulbranson¹, J L Isbell, E L Taylor

¹Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA. gulbrans@hawaii.edu

|August 1, 2012

Summary

Fossil polar forests reveal insights into ancient ecosystems. Stable carbon isotopes confirm Late Permian trees at polar latitudes were deciduous, offering clues to past climate and forest dynamics.

More Related Videos

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimate and Paleoecology with Fossil Leaves Using Digital Leaf Physiognomy and Leaf Mass Per Area

Reconstructing Terrestrial Paleoclimate and Paleoecology with Fossil Leaves Using Digital Leaf Physiognomy and Leaf Mass Per Area

Published on: October 25, 2024

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

Area of Science:

Paleobotany
Paleoecology
Geochemistry

Background:

High-latitude forests are expanding, but their ancient climate impacts are unknown.
Modern polar forests are limited, hindering study of past high-latitude ecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze fossil polar forests from Antarctica to understand their structure and function.
To determine the habit (deciduous vs. evergreen) of Late Permian polar forests.

Main Methods:

Forestry and geochemical analyses of fossil forests.
Stem size and stump spacing measurements for forest density and canopy structure.
Stable carbon isotope analysis of permineralized wood.

Main Results:

Forest density and canopy structure varied with depositional setting, differing from modern self-thinning.
Stable carbon isotopes confirmed deciduous habit in Late Permian polar trees.
High-resolution carbon isotope techniques are applicable to permineralized wood.

Conclusions:

Ancient polar forests had unique structures influenced by their environment.
Fossil evidence supports deciduous trees thriving at polar latitudes in the Late Permian.
Paleobotanical and geochemical methods provide a comprehensive view of deep-time polar forests.