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Related Concept Videos

Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)
Venous Return01:04

Venous Return

The circulatory system plays a crucial role in ensuring the optimal functioning of the human body. One of its critical components is venous return - the process that completes the blood circulation cycle. This article will delve into the concept of venous return, how it works, and its significance to our health.
What is Venous Return?
Venous return refers to the rate at which blood flows back to the heart from the body's peripheral veins. It's an integral part of the circulatory system as it...
Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Use of a Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device/Left Atrium to Femoral Artery Bypass System for Cardiogenic Shock
07:39

Use of a Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device/Left Atrium to Femoral Artery Bypass System for Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: August 16, 2021

Method of backflow reduction in ventricular assist devices.

Alexandrina Untariou1, Paul E Allaire

  • 1University of Virginia, Charlottesville.

Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation
|August 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method to prevent dangerous backflow in stopped ventricular assist devices (VADs). The novel design reduces risks of blood clots and device failure, improving patient safety.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Devices
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Ventricular assist devices (VADs) improve heart failure outcomes but are prone to mechanical failure, particularly retrograde blood flow during pump stoppage.
  • Existing solutions to prevent backflow often increase risks of thromboembolism or reduce overall device reliability.
  • End-stage congestive heart failure necessitates reliable VADs that minimize complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel VAD design that effectively reduces backflow upon device stoppage.
  • To mitigate the risks of thromboembolism and mechanical failure associated with VADs.
  • To optimize VAD design through computational and experimental validation.

Main Methods:

  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and fluid-solid interaction modeling to predict thrombus formation and stress.

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Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Use of a Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device/Left Atrium to Femoral Artery Bypass System for Cardiogenic Shock
07:39

Use of a Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device/Left Atrium to Femoral Artery Bypass System for Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: August 16, 2021

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart
08:49

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart

Published on: May 11, 2018

  • Parametric design optimization based on simulation results.
  • Mock-loop experiments using a prototype to validate CFD predictions.
  • Evaluation of manufacturability using biocompatible materials and surface treatments.

    • Main Results:

    • CFD simulations and experimental measurements showed strong agreement across various backflow scenarios.
    • Streamline analysis indicated no internal recirculation zones within the device.
    • Velocity and residence time analyses revealed low potential for thrombosis.
    • Prototype testing confirmed the efficacy of the novel backflow reduction principle.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel VAD design successfully minimizes backflow without significantly increasing thromboembolic risk.
    • Computational and experimental methods provide a robust framework for VAD design optimization.
    • This approach offers a promising advancement in VAD safety and reliability for heart failure patients.