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Related Concept Videos

Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to become...
Minerals01:26

Minerals

Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
Role of Septins01:02

Role of Septins

Septins are the recently discovered fourth major protein component of the cytoskeleton, along with microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These proteins can associate with other cytoskeletal filaments and carry out varied roles or can be free-floating in the cytoplasm.
Cellular Functions of Septins
Recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of septins in various cellular processes such as cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. Septins act as scaffolds and...
Protein Modifications in the RER01:26

Protein Modifications in the RER

Modification of secretory and transmembrane proteins entering the rough ER begins in the ER lumen. These modifications aid in protein folding and stabilize the acquired tertiary structure. Protein modifications in the rough ER co-occur at different stages of protein folding.
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal sequences.
Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Utilizing Thermal Shift Assay to Probe Substrate Binding to Selenoprotein O
03:09

Utilizing Thermal Shift Assay to Probe Substrate Binding to Selenoprotein O

Published on: August 9, 2024

Dietary selenium and selenoprotein function.

Benjamin S Weeks1, Mirna S Hanna, Deborah Cooperstein

  • 1Department of Biology and Environmental Studies Program, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA. weeks@adelphi.edu

Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
|August 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selenium is an essential trace mineral vital for human health, found in soil and water. Dietary selenium intake can prevent and correct health issues like heart disease and bone disorders, even in areas with adequate soil selenium.

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Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells
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Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Utilizing Thermal Shift Assay to Probe Substrate Binding to Selenoprotein O
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Utilizing Thermal Shift Assay to Probe Substrate Binding to Selenoprotein O

Published on: August 9, 2024

Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells
09:43

Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells

Published on: July 9, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Human Physiology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Selenium is a trace mineral and essential nutrient in the human diet.
  • It enters the food chain through plants and aquatic organisms from soil and water.
  • Geographical areas with low soil selenium lead to deficient populations and associated health issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish the dietary requirement for selenium.
  • To investigate the role of selenium in preventing and treating specific health conditions.
  • To highlight the importance of adequate selenium intake for overall human health.

Main Methods:

  • Observational studies in populations with varying soil selenium levels.
  • Clinical observations in patients with selenium deficiency (e.g., those on long-term intravenous feeding).
  • Analysis of health outcomes related to dietary selenium supplementation.

Main Results:

  • Selenium deficiency is linked to heart disease and bone disorders, which are correctable with dietary selenium.
  • The necessity of dietary selenium was confirmed through these observations.
  • Even in selenium-replete areas, dietary selenium intake can improve various human health conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary selenium is an essential nutrient with critical roles in preventing and treating specific health conditions.
  • Ensuring adequate selenium intake is crucial for public health, particularly in deficient regions.
  • Further research may explore the broader health benefits of selenium supplementation.