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Mucosal dysfunction and damage induced by platelet activating factor (PAF)
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yamanashi College of Medicine, Japan.
Abstract:
The effect of PAF on human nasal mucosa was investigated in vitro. Normal paranasal sinus mucosa was obtained from the ethmoid sinuses by surgical procedure and incubated in the form of tissue culture. Ciliary movement was viewed under an inverted microscope and recorded on video tapes, and its activity was measured photoelectrically. Morphological alterations were examined by light and electron microscopy. PAF inhibited ciliary activity of human nasal mucosa, in a time and a dose dependent manner, at concentrations from 10(-6)M to 10(-10)M, while no significant change was observed at 10(-11) M. Lyso-PAF exhibited minimal effect on the mucosa at a concentration of 10(-6) M. Morphological alterations of the epithelial layer of the mucosa such as edema, cell exfoliation and desquamation were found to increase across time. Ultrastructural alterations were observed prior to inhibition of ciliary activity. These data indicate the cytotoxic effect of PAF on human paranasal sinus mucosa.
Insights
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) was found to inhibit human nasal mucosa ciliary activity in a dose-dependent manner. This study indicates PAF has a cytotoxic effect on paranasal sinus mucosa.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent inflammatory mediator.
- The role of PAF in nasal mucosa function requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the in vitro effects of PAF on human nasal mucosa.
- To assess the impact of PAF on ciliary activity and morphology.
Main Methods:
- Human ethmoid sinus mucosa was cultured in vitro.
- Ciliary activity was measured photoelectrically and observed via microscopy.
- Morphological changes were examined using light and electron microscopy.
Main Results:
- PAF inhibited human nasal mucosa ciliary activity in a time- and dose-dependent manner (10^-6M to 10^-10M).
- Edema, cell exfoliation, and desquamation of the epithelial layer increased with time.
- Ultrastructural alterations preceded the inhibition of ciliary activity.
Conclusions:
- PAF exhibits a cytotoxic effect on human paranasal sinus mucosa.
- These findings suggest PAF plays a role in sinonasal inflammatory conditions.