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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents

Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic symptoms in all...
Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects

Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
Despite these side effects, antipsychotics are used therapeutically for various purposes, including managing schizophrenia, preventing nausea and vomiting, curbing...
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Utilizing Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Language Function in Stroke Patients with Chronic Non-fluent Aphasia
10:15

Utilizing Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Language Function in Stroke Patients with Chronic Non-fluent Aphasia

Published on: July 2, 2013

Stuttering treated with olanzapine: a case report.

Alfonso Mozos-Ansorena1, Manuela Pérez-García, Begoña Portela-Traba

  • 1Unidad de Salud Mental de Conxo, Spain. alfonsoansorena@yahoo.es

Actas Espanolas De Psiquiatria
|August 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that olanzapine effectively treats spasmophemia (stuttering) by reducing speech blocks and anxiety. The atypical antipsychotic improved fluency and decreased symptoms in a case study.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Spasmophemia, or stuttering, is a speech disorder marked by disruptions in word rhythm, including blocks and repetitions.
  • Associated with dopaminergic hyperactivity, stuttering treatment has explored atypical antipsychotics.
  • Patients with stuttering often exhibit higher rates of anxiety, necessitating combined therapeutic approaches.

Observation:

  • A 33-year-old male presented with worsening speech problems, anxiety, and significant word blocks, circumlocutions, and repetitions.
  • The patient also experienced anticipatory anxiety and checking obsessions.
  • Initial assessment indicated severe communication difficulties impacting daily life.

Findings:

  • A six-week treatment with olanzapine (5 mg/daily) resulted in substantial improvements in speech fluency.
  • The patient demonstrated a significant decrease in repetitions, blocking, interjections, and broken words.
  • Anticipatory anxiety associated with speech also showed marked reduction.

Implications:

  • Olanzapine, a 5HT-2 and D1/D2 antagonist, shows promise as an effective treatment for spasmophemia.
  • Pharmacological interventions targeting neurotransmitter systems may alleviate stuttering symptoms.
  • Integrated treatment strategies addressing both speech disfluency and comorbid anxiety are crucial for managing stuttering.