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Related Concept Videos

Electronic Structure of Atoms02:28

Electronic Structure of Atoms


An atom comprises protons and neutrons, which are contained inside the dense, central core called the nucleus, with electrons present around the nucleus. Taking into account the wave–particle duality of electrons and the uncertainty in position around the nucleus, quantum mechanics provides a more accurate model for the atomic structure. It describes atomic orbitals as the regions around the nucleus where electrons of discrete energy exist, characterized by four quantum numbers:  n, l, ml, and...

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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
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Electronic structure of atomically precise graphene nanoribbons.

Pascal Ruffieux1, Jinming Cai, Nicholas C Plumb

  • 1Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland. pascal.ruffieux@empa.ch

ACS Nano
|August 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Atomically precise graphene nanoribbons were synthesized, enabling the study of their electronic properties. This breakthrough confirms predicted quantum confinement and edge effects in these advanced graphene nanostructures.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Graphene nanostructures, like nanoribbons, exhibit unique electronic properties due to quantum confinement and edge effects.
  • Precise fabrication of graphene nanostructures has been a major challenge hindering experimental verification of theoretical predictions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the electronic band gap and dispersion of occupied electronic bands in atomically precise graphene nanoribbons.
  • To verify theoretical predictions for graphene nanostructures fabricated via on-surface synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • On-surface synthesis of armchair graphene nanoribbons with a width of N = 7 on a Au(111) substrate.
  • Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) were employed to probe electronic properties.

Main Results:

  • An electronic band gap of 2.3 eV was measured for the synthesized nanoribbons.
  • The effective mass at the top of the valence band was determined to be 0.21 m(0).
  • An energy-dependent charge carrier velocity reached 8.2 × 10^5 m/s in the linear part of the valence band.

Conclusions:

  • The experimental results quantitatively agree with theoretical predictions, including image charge corrections.
  • The findings confirm the significant role of electron-electron interactions in determining the electronic properties of graphene nanoribbons.
  • Precise on-surface synthesis enables the realization of predicted electronic functionalities in graphene nanostructures.