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Diabetes mellitus/male infertility
1University of Belgrade, Medicine School, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Yugoslavia.
Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus (DM), associated with very subtle disorders, affects, either directly or indirectly, various functions of the reproductive system. Adequate, regular, and timely therapy may prevent or delay these disorders. The T synthesis disorder is caused by molecular changes at the level of Leydig cells and may lead to other disorders in all target organs and tissues. The close correlation between Leydig and Sertoli cells function, i.e., between spermatogenesis and second sex glands function, results in certain anomalies in diabetic patients' spermiograms. Parallel lesions associated with DM, through CNS (hypothalamus-hypophysis), and endocrine profile are indirectly intensified or induced by these disorders, which reflect dysfunction of homeostatic balance in carbohydrate metabolism. Sexual dysfunction in all its forms (reduced erection, impotence, and other libido dissociations) is an accompanying phenomenon of the diabetic disease. However, manifestations of these disorders are related to the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and to the duration of disease. The duration of disease is not necessarily correlated with sexual dysfunction. Even carbohydrate metabolism remains within normal range in addition to other lesions, diabetes leads gradually but progressively to premature aging of body cells.
Insights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) impacts male reproductive functions through Leydig cell molecular changes, affecting spermatogenesis and sexual health. Timely therapy can prevent or delay these progressive, age-accelerating complications.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Endocrinology
- Diabetology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) is linked to subtle reproductive system disorders.
- Molecular changes in Leydig cells disrupt T synthesis, impacting reproductive functions.
- DM affects reproductive health directly and indirectly via CNS and endocrine pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of diabetes mellitus on male reproductive functions.
- To explore the relationship between Leydig cell function, spermatogenesis, and sexual dysfunction in diabetic patients.
- To understand the role of carbohydrate metabolism and disease duration in DM-associated reproductive complications.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of Leydig and Sertoli cell function in diabetic models.
- Evaluation of spermiograms for anomalies in diabetic patients.
- Assessment of CNS-hypothalamus-hypophysis axis and endocrine profiles.
- Correlation analysis between carbohydrate metabolism, disease duration, and sexual dysfunction.
Main Results:
- DM causes molecular changes in Leydig cells, leading to T synthesis disorders.
- Diabetic patients exhibit spermiogram anomalies due to impaired Leydig and Sertoli cell function.
- Sexual dysfunction (erection issues, libido changes) is common in diabetes.
- Disease duration and carbohydrate metabolism regulation influence the severity of reproductive complications.
Conclusions:
- Diabetes mellitus significantly impairs male reproductive health through cellular and hormonal disruptions.
- Early and consistent therapy is crucial for managing DM-related reproductive disorders.
- DM contributes to premature aging of body cells, exacerbating reproductive decline.