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Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
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Microbiota of the Large Intestine

The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
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Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
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Development of Human Microbiota

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The human skin serves as a complex ecosystem inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining skin health and defending against pathogenic invaders. The composition of microbial communities varies significantly across different regions of the body, influenced primarily by the local levels of moisture and sebum.Regional Variation in Skin MicrobiotaCutibacterium acnes predominantly colonizes sebaceous...

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Murine Fecal Isolation and Microbiota Transplantation
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Published on: May 26, 2023

Feline gastrointestinal microbiota.

Yasushi Minamoto1, Seema Hooda, Kelly S Swanson

  • 1Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A and M University, 4474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA.

Animal Health Research Reviews
|August 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The feline gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome significantly impacts overall health. Diet and disease can alter this complex ecosystem, highlighting the need for further research into feline gut health.

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Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment

Published on: November 17, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Science
  • Microbiology
  • Animal Health

Background:

  • The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in host health beyond the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
  • A balanced feline microbiome supports immunity, pathogen defense, and nutrition.
  • High-throughput sequencing enables detailed ecological studies of the feline gut microbiome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on microbial phylotypes in the feline GI tract.
  • To discuss the impact of diet and disease on the feline microbiome.
  • To highlight areas for future research in feline gut ecology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on feline gut microbiota.
  • Analysis of studies utilizing molecular approaches, including high-throughput sequencing and metagenomics.
  • Examination of research on dietary modulation and disease-associated changes.

Main Results:

  • The feline GI tract harbors a diverse and complex microbial ecosystem.
  • Major bacterial phyla (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria) dominate the feline gut.
  • Dietary components like soluble fibers and protein content can modulate the feline microbiome.
  • Dysbiosis is suggested in feline inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Conclusions:

  • The feline gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem influenced by diet and health status.
  • Further research is needed to understand phylogenetic and functional changes in disease states and in response to environmental/dietary factors.
  • Molecular approaches are essential for characterizing the feline microbiome and its role in health and disease.