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Flying after diving guidelines: a review.

P J Sheffield1

  • 1Aerospace Medical Consultants Division, Office of the Air Force Surgeon General, Bolling AFB, Washington, D.C.

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Recreational divers should wait 12-24 hours before flying after diving, depending on dive profiles. The Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS) offers conservative guidelines to ensure diver safety.

Area of Science:

  • Diving Medicine
  • Hyperbaric Physiology
  • Aviation Safety

Background:

  • Recreational diving guidelines differ from military/commercial due to technique and treatment availability.
  • Existing surface interval recommendations vary widely and lack human testing.
  • The Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS) convened a workshop to address this gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish evidence-based surface interval guidelines for recreational divers before flying.
  • To provide clear recommendations for no-decompression and decompression dives.
  • To ensure diver safety and minimize the risk of decompression sickness (DCS).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing surface interval proposals.
  • Formalization of guidelines by the UHMS Workshop on February 24, 1989.

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  • Expert opinion and current scientific information synthesis.

    • Main Results:

    • For no-decompression dives: 12-hour wait for <2 hours total dive time in 48 hours; 24-hour wait for multiday/unlimited diving.
    • For dives requiring decompression: a minimum 24-hour wait, preferably 48 hours.
    • Divers with DCS symptoms should not fly unless for immediate hyperbaric treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • The UHMS guideline provides conservative and safe surface intervals for most recreational divers.
    • Adherence to these guidelines is crucial for preventing DCS after recreational diving.
    • These recommendations aim to bridge the gap in specific guidance for recreational diver aviation safety.