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Updated: May 19, 2026

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Published on: July 21, 2018

Toward single-molecule detection with sensors based on propagating surface plasmons.

Pavel Kvasnička¹, Karel Chadt, Milan Vala

¹Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.

|August 3, 2012

Summary

This study miniaturized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors to explore single-molecule detection. The novel SPR biosensor approach achieved a 3-order-of-magnitude reduction in detection area, enabling potential detection of as few as 500 proteins.

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Area of Science:

Biophotonics
Nanotechnology
Biosensing

Background:

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors typically detect low concentrations of biomolecules over large areas.
Current SPR technology has limitations in achieving single-molecule detection sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of single-molecule detection using SPR biosensors.
To reduce the detection area of SPR sensors to enhance sensitivity.

Main Methods:

Developed a miniaturized SPR sensor system (~64 μm2) using spectroscopy of surface plasmons.
Generated surface plasmons on a diffractive structure via a microscope objective.
Collected light through a small aperture for signal readout.

Main Results:

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

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Achieved a 3-order-of-magnitude decrease in the number of detected molecules compared to state-of-the-art SPR sensors.
Demonstrated a protein monolayer produced a signal 5000 times above baseline noise.
Indicated potential detection of approximately 500 proteins.

Conclusions:

Miniaturized SPR sensors show promise for single-molecule detection.
The developed spectroscopic SPR system significantly enhances sensitivity.
This technology could advance ultrasensitive biomolecule detection applications.