Core-pumped gain-guided index-antiguided continuous wave lasing in dispersion-engineered erbium-doped fiber

We demonstrate core-pumped gain-guided index-antiguided fiber lasers using a 22 cm long dispersion-engineered erbium-doped fiber. The erbium-doped fiber is dispersion-engineered using optical liquid to replace the most part of silica cladding so that the index of core turns out to be higher (lower) than that of new cladding at pump (lasing) wavelength, respectively. The pump light is confined to propagate in core based on an index-guiding mechanism to efficiently excite the gain medium running through the fiber whereas the cw lasing is constructed in a long, small-core waveguide under a gain-guided, index-antiguided situation.