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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
04:19

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

Published on: November 8, 2024

Spinal fractures in current military deployments.

W G P Eardley1, T J Bonner, I E Gibb

  • 1Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham. willeardley@doctors.org.uk

Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps
|August 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Spinal fractures in military operations are often caused by explosions, leading to complex injuries, especially in the lumbar region. These blast-related spinal injuries have higher associated morbidity and require further research for mitigation.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Published on: May 18, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Military medicine
  • Trauma surgery
  • Orthopedic surgery

Background:

  • Spinal fractures are a significant concern in military operations.
  • Understanding injury patterns is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize spinal fracture patterns in casualties from recent military operations.
  • To analyze fracture mechanisms and associated injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of CT database (2005-2009).
  • Classification of fractures and associated injuries.
  • Statistical analysis using Fisher's Exact test.

Main Results:

  • 128 fractures in 57 casualties analyzed.
  • Explosive mechanisms caused unstable thoracolumbar fractures (burst-pattern).
  • 60% of spinal fracture patients had concomitant injuries, particularly lower limb fractures.

Conclusions:

  • Explosive devices cause complex spinal injuries with high morbidity in warfare.
  • This evolving injury pattern necessitates research into mitigation strategies.