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Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
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Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
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Cyanobacteria are a diverse group of oxygenic, phototrophic bacteria that played a pivotal role in converting Earth’s atmosphere from anoxic to oxygen-rich billions of years ago. They exhibit remarkable morphological diversity, ranging from unicellular forms to filamentous types, with cell sizes varying between 0.5 μm and 100 μm. Cyanobacteria are classified into five groups: Chroococcales (unicellular, dividing by binary fission), Pleurocapsales (unicellular, dividing by multiple fission),...
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Time-lapse Imaging of Bacterial Swarms and the Collective Stress Response
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Does Microcystis aeruginosa have quorum sensing?

Chunmei Zhai1, Ping Zhang, Fei Shen

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

FEMS Microbiology Letters
|August 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Microcystis aeruginosa produces quorum sensing (QS) signals, acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs). AHL concentration correlates with cell density, potentially influencing bloom formation in this cyanobacterium.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-to-cell communication mechanism in bacteria, crucial for adapting to environmental changes.
  • Acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) are common QS signal molecules in Gram-negative bacteria.

Discussion:

  • This study investigates QS in the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC-7820.
  • It explores the production and concentration dynamics of AHLs in relation to cell density.
  • The potential role of QS in Microcystis aeruginosa bloom formation is discussed.

Key Insights:

  • Microcystis aeruginosa PCC-7820 produces QS-related AHLs.
  • AHL concentration is cell-density dependent, peaking at 18 nM at 1.03 × 10(7) cells mL(-1) after 30 days.
  • This finding highlights QS as a regulatory mechanism in cyanobacteria.

Outlook:

  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise QS regulatory mechanisms in Microcystis aeruginosa.
  • Understanding QS in Microcystis aeruginosa could provide insights into controlling harmful algal blooms.
  • Investigating QS signaling pathways may reveal new targets for bloom management strategies.