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Perioperative hypertension: defining at-risk patients and their management

Susan F Lien1, John D Bisognano

  • 1Division of Cardiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. susan_lien@urmc.rochester.edu

Current Hypertension Reports
|August 7, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Managing hypertension perioperatively is crucial for patient safety. This review addresses the lack of guidelines for surgical patients with high blood pressure, focusing on risk reduction and medication management.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Cardiology
  • Perioperative Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertension affects a significant global population.
  • Existing guidelines inadequately address perioperative hypertension management.
  • Lack of clear protocols for cardiac and noncardiac surgical patients with hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review perioperative evaluation and care for hypertensive patients undergoing surgery.
  • To identify high-risk patients and indications for intervention.
  • To examine parenteral antihypertensive medications in the perioperative setting.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on perioperative hypertension.
  • Analysis of risk factors and complications in surgical patients.
  • Examination of current treatment strategies and available parenteral medications.

Main Results:

  • Defines vulnerable patient populations and critical risk factors.
  • Outlines indications for urgent antihypertensive treatment or surgery cancellation.
  • Reviews commonly used parenteral antihypertensive drugs.

Conclusions:

  • Emphasizes the need for standardized perioperative hypertension guidelines.
  • Highlights the importance of tailored management for surgical outcomes.
  • Suggests a framework for optimizing care in preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases.

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