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Updated: May 19, 2026
Extraction and Analysis of Taiwanese Green Propolis
Published on: January 7, 2019
Effect of Croatian propolis on diabetic nephropathy and liver toxicity in mice
Nada Oršolić1, Damir Sirovina, Marijana Zovko Končić
1Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia. norsolic@yahoo.com
Background:
In the present study, we examined the antioxidant effect of water soluble derivative of propolis (WSDP) and ethanolic (EEP) extract of propolis on renal and liver function in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. In addition, we examined whether different extract of propolis could prevent diabetic nephropathy and liver toxicity by inhibiting lipid peroxidation in vivo.
Methods:
Diabetes was induced in Swiss albino mice with a single intravenous injection of alloxan (75 mg kg-1). Two days after alloxan injection, propolis preparations (50 mg kg-1 per day) were given intraperitoneally for 7 days in diabetic mice. Survival analysis and body weights as well as hematological and biochemical parameters were measured. The renal and liver oxidative stress marker malonaldehyde levels and histopathological changes were monitored in the liver and kidney of treated and control mice.
Results:
Administration of propolis to diabetic mice resulted in a significant increase of body weight, haematological and immunological parameters of blood as well as 100% survival of diabetic mice. Alloxan-injected mice showed a marked increase in oxidative stress in liver and kidney homogenate, as determined by lipid peroxidation. Histopathological observation of the liver sections of alloxan-induced diabetic mice showed several lesions including cellular vacuolization, cytoplasmic eosinophilia and lymphocyte infiltrations, but with individual variability.Treatment of diabetic mice with propolis extracts results in decreased number of vacuolized cells and degree of vacuolization; propolis treatment improve the impairment of fatty acid metabolism in diabetes. Renal histology showed corpuscular, tubular and interstitial changes in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Test components did not improve renal histopathology in diabetic mice.
Conclusions:
Propolis preparations are able to attenuate diabetic hepatorenal damage, probably through its anti-oxidative action and its detoxification proccess as well as the potential to minimize the deleterious effects of free radicals on tissue. The protective role of propolis against the ROS induced damages in diabetic mice gives a hope that they may have similar protective action in humans.
Insights
Propolis extracts significantly improved survival and liver function in diabetic mice by reducing oxidative stress and improving fatty acid metabolism. While it did not improve kidney damage, propolis shows potential for treating diabetic complications.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Natural Products Research
- Diabetology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and complications like nephropathy and liver toxicity.
- Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications.
- Propolis, a natural resinous mixture, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of water-soluble derivative of propolis (WSDP) and ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) on renal and liver function in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.
- To evaluate the potential of propolis extracts in preventing diabetic nephropathy and liver toxicity by inhibiting lipid peroxidation in vivo.
Main Methods:
- Diabetes was induced in Swiss albino mice using alloxan.
- Diabetic mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of propolis preparations (50 mg kg-1) for 7 days.
- Measurements included survival rates, body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters, malonaldehyde levels (oxidative stress marker), and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney.
Main Results:
- Propolis administration led to a 100% survival rate in diabetic mice, increased body weight, and improved hematological and immunological parameters.
- Alloxan-induced diabetes significantly increased oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation) in the liver and kidney.
- Propolis treatment reduced liver lesions, improved fatty acid metabolism, and decreased vacuolization in liver cells, but did not improve renal histopathology.
Conclusions:
- Propolis preparations effectively attenuate diabetic hepatorenal damage, likely due to their antioxidant and detoxification properties.
- Propolis's ability to minimize free radical damage in diabetic mice suggests potential therapeutic applications in humans for managing diabetes-related complications.
