Updated: May 19, 2026

Robot-Assisted Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery for Congenital Cholesteatoma
Published on: December 15, 2023
Umar Choudry1, Ruth J Barta, Nicholas Kim
1Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St, SE, MMC 122 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. choud008@ umn.edu
Plastic surgeons use chaperones in 30% of exams, increasing to 60% for sensitive areas. Male surgeons, those in practice longer, and cosmetic surgeons report higher chaperone use, yet accusations of misconduct remain low.
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