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Related Concept Videos

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...

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Updated: May 19, 2026

Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells
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Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells

Published on: August 1, 2025

Reprogramming cancer cells: back to the future.

J-Y Lang1, Y Shi, Y E Chin

  • 1Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Oncogene
|August 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists reprogrammed sarcoma cells into stem cells, reversing cancer traits. This suggests a new cancer therapy approach by inducing pluripotency in cancer cells.

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Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Melanoma Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes
10:03

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Melanoma Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes

Published on: November 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Cancer research
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated from somatic cells using defined factors.
  • Reprogramming of diseased cells, particularly cancer cells, remains challenging.
  • Sarcoma is a type of cancer affecting connective tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reprogramming of sarcoma cells into a pluripotent state.
  • To determine if reprogramming can reverse cancer-specific characteristics.
  • To explore the potential of cancer cell reprogramming for therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Sarcoma cells were reprogrammed using defined factors (Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, Klf4) along with Nanog and Lin28.
  • Characterization of reprogrammed cells for pluripotency markers and differentiation potential.
  • Assessment of tumorigenicity in reprogrammed sarcoma cells.

Main Results:

  • Reprogrammed sarcoma cells lost their tumorigenicity.
  • Dedifferentiation occurred, yielding cells resembling mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
  • These cells could terminally differentiate into mature connective tissues and red blood cells.

Conclusions:

  • Sarcoma cells can be reprogrammed to a pluripotent-like state, losing cancer-driving properties.
  • Reprogramming may revert sarcoma cells to a common ancestral stage that can differentiate into HSCs and MSCs.
  • Cancer cell reprogramming offers a potential novel therapeutic strategy through induction of ancestor pluripotency.