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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

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Malarial acute kidney injury in a paediatric intensive care unit

Kapil Kapoor1, Shalu Gupta

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Delhi, India. kapoork2005@yahoo.com

Tropical Doctor
|August 8, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with malaria is common and deadly. Key poor prognostic factors include oliguria, shock, and organ failure, highlighting the need for prompt intervention in pediatric malaria cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication of malaria.
  • Malaria-associated AKI has a high mortality rate, particularly in children.
  • Understanding risk factors and outcomes is crucial for improving patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence, prognostic factors, and outcomes of AKI in pediatric malaria patients.
  • To identify clinical indicators associated with poor prognosis in malarial AKI.
  • To compare characteristics of malaria patients with and without AKI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records from a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).
  • Inclusion of children treated for malarial AKI.
  • Univariate analysis to identify prognostic factors.

Main Results:

  • AKI occurred in 48.6% of pediatric malaria patients (18 cases).
  • Mortality was 33.3%, with 50% achieving full recovery.
  • Oliguria (61.1%) and need for renal replacement therapy (55.5%) were common.
  • Poor prognostic factors included oliguria, shock, CNS involvement, jaundice, DIC, and ARDS.

Conclusions:

  • Malarial AKI in children is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Several clinical factors predict poor outcomes in pediatric patients with malarial AKI.
  • Malaria patients with AKI exhibited worse outcomes, including higher mortality and longer PICU stays.

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