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Structural comparisons of heme binding proteins.

P Argos, M G Rossmann

    Biochemistry
    |October 30, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cytochrome c551 shares structural similarities with both globin and cytochrome b5 folds, suggesting a common ancestor or convergent evolution driven by heme binding. This protein fold analysis offers insights into evolutionary relationships among heme proteins.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Structural Biology
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Cytochrome c551, globin, and cytochrome b5 are heme proteins with distinct structures.
    • Understanding their evolutionary relationships is crucial for deciphering protein evolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the structural and topological similarities between cytochrome c551, globin, and cytochrome b5.
    • To explore potential evolutionary connections and the factors driving their structural convergence or divergence.

    Main Methods:

    • Three-dimensional structural characterization of cytochrome c551.
    • Superposition of cytochrome c551, globin, and cytochrome b5 structures.
    • Analysis of root mean square (RMSD) separation between C-alpha atoms.
    • Comparison of heme iron positions, heme normals, and heme orientation.

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  • Assessment of sequence divergence using minimum base change per codon.

    • Main Results:

    • Cytochrome c551 exhibits structural equivalence to both globin (49 residues) and cytochrome b5 (41 residues) folds.
    • A common heme-binding core is identified, potentially linked to globin gene structure.
    • Heme iron positions and orientations show variations but similar heme face directionality.
    • Sequence divergence analysis suggests similarities may arise from functional or structural constraints rather than recent common ancestry.

    Conclusions:

    • The structural similarities between these heme proteins may result from convergent evolution driven by the functional necessity of heme binding.
    • Alternatively, a distant common ancestor could explain the observed fold similarities.
    • Further analysis of sequence and structural data is needed to definitively distinguish between convergence and divergence.