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Proofreading

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore, it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme

Proofreading

Proofreading

The Replisome

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...

The Replisome

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

Published on: October 6, 2017

Database of DNA polymerases.

Bradley W Langhorst¹, Nicole M Nichols

¹New England Biolabs, Ipswich, Massachusetts, USA.

Current Protocols in Molecular Biology

|August 9, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The DNA Polymerase Database (Polbase) centralizes DNA polymerase data from diverse sources. This open, searchable resource aims to consolidate existing information for broader accessibility.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

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Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: June 19, 2018

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genomics
Bioinformatics

Background:

DNA polymerases are crucial enzymes involved in DNA replication, repair, and recombination.
Existing DNA polymerase information is fragmented across public and private databases.
A unified resource is needed to facilitate research on DNA polymerase function and diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish the DNA Polymerase Database (Polbase) as a comprehensive, open-access repository.
To integrate disparate DNA polymerase data into a single, searchable platform.
To support research by providing a centralized hub for DNA polymerase information.

Main Methods:

Data aggregation from public repositories (e.g., GenBank, UniProt).
Inclusion of proprietary and unpublished DNA polymerase data.
Development of a robust, searchable database architecture.
Implementation of data curation and standardization protocols.

Main Results:

Successful compilation of a significant volume of DNA polymerase data.
Creation of an intuitive, user-friendly interface for data retrieval.
Establishment of Polbase as a valuable resource for the scientific community.

Conclusions:

Polbase provides a vital, centralized resource for DNA polymerase research.
The database enhances accessibility and facilitates comparative studies of DNA polymerases.
Future development will focus on expanding data content and analytical tools.