Primary aortoenteric fistula following disseminated bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection: a case report

The aim of this paper is to illustrate a rare case of primary aortoenteric fistula in the presence of disseminated infection and review the critical decision-making process. A clinical case was reviewed for its initial presentation, planning of treatment strategy and outcome. A secondary literature search for discussion on current accepted recommendations for primary aortoenteric fistula was then completed. Aortoenteric fistulas are rare pathologies with highly morbid potential. Their diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and prompt intervention is critical to patient survival. In conclusion, aortoenteric fistula most commonly arises from large atherosclerotic aneurysms but can be caused by systemic infection. In the case of the latter, extra-anatomic repair appears to be the treatment of choice.