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Related Experiment Videos

Differences in epinephrine and substrate responses between arm and leg exercise.

S P Hooker1, C L Wells, M M Manore

  • 1Department of Family Resources and Human Development, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-0404.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Arm crank exercise is more physiologically demanding than leg cycling at the same oxygen uptake (VO2). This study found higher epinephrine and lactate responses during arm crank exercise, indicating greater stress regardless of muscle mass used.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Human Physiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Understanding the physiological stress of different exercise modalities is crucial for training.
  • Arm crank (AC) and leg cycle (LC) exercise engage different muscle groups, potentially eliciting varied physiological responses.
  • Comparing AC and LC exercise at matched absolute and relative intensities helps elucidate exercise stress determinants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare epinephrine (EPI) and substrate responses between arm crank (AC) and leg cycle (LC) exercise.
  • To investigate these responses at both the same absolute and relative exercise intensities.
  • To determine if exercising muscle mass or relative intensity is the primary regulator of physiological stress.

Main Methods:

  • Nine male participants completed 30-minute AC and LC tests.

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  • Exercise intensity was set at 70% of peak oxygen uptake (VO2) for AC and a matched VO2 for LC.
  • Blood samples were analyzed for plasma EPI, serum FFA, GLY, GLU, and blood LA concentrations.

    • Main Results:

    • Arm crank exercise elicited significantly higher epinephrine (EPI), blood lactate (LA), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) responses compared to leg cycle exercise at the same absolute VO2.
    • These physiological responses (EPI, LA, RER) were similar between AC and LC when exercise intensity was matched relatively.
    • No significant differences in serum free fatty acid (FFA), glycerol (GLY), or blood glucose (GLU) were observed between AC and LC exercise at either absolute or relative intensities.

    Conclusions:

    • Arm crank exercise imposes a greater physiological stress than leg cycling exercise at the same absolute oxygen uptake (VO2).
    • Adrenomedullary activity (EPI) and substrate utilization (LA, RER) during exercise are primarily regulated by relative exercise intensity, not the amount of muscle mass activated.
    • These findings highlight the importance of considering relative intensity when comparing the physiological demands of different exercise modes.