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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...

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New-onset vitiligo and progression of pre-existing vitiligo during treatment with biological agents in chronic inflammatory diseases.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Identification and Dissection of Diverse Mouse Adipose Depots
06:31

Identification and Dissection of Diverse Mouse Adipose Depots

Published on: July 11, 2019

Adiponectin in autoimmune diseases.

É Toussirot1, D Binda, C Gueugnon

  • 1Clinical Investigation Center CIC-Biotherapy-506, University hospital of Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France.

Current Medicinal Chemistry
|August 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adiponectin, an abundant adipokine, plays a dual role in health. While reduced levels are linked to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, elevated levels are seen in inflammatory joint conditions, with isoform-specific roles needing further investigation.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Adiponectin is the most abundant adipokine, existing in various molecular forms (low, middle, high, globular) with distinct biological activities.
  • Reduced circulating adiponectin is associated with metabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome) and cardiovascular complications, where it exerts beneficial endothelial and cardioprotective effects.
  • Conversely, systemic autoimmune and chronic inflammatory joint diseases show increased adiponectin production, potentially correlating with disease activity and severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the contrasting roles of adiponectin in metabolic versus inflammatory joint diseases.
  • To investigate the potential link between adiponectin levels and disease activity in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and osteoarthritis.
  • To highlight the need for further research into the specific contributions of different adiponectin isoforms to inflammation and tissue damage.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on adiponectin.
  • Analysis of adiponectin's role in metabolic diseases and cardiovascular health.
  • Examination of adiponectin's involvement in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory joint diseases.
  • Discussion of controversial findings regarding adiponectin's pro- and anti-inflammatory activities.

Main Results:

  • Adiponectin levels are decreased in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, where it demonstrates protective functions.
  • Adiponectin levels are increased in inflammatory joint diseases, with potential associations with disease severity.
  • Adiponectin exhibits both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties, leading to conflicting observations on its overall impact.

Conclusions:

  • Adiponectin's role is context-dependent, being beneficial in metabolic health and potentially detrimental or complex in inflammatory conditions.
  • The specific contributions of individual adiponectin isoforms to pathogenesis in autoimmune and inflammatory joint diseases require detailed investigation.
  • Understanding isoform-specific functions is crucial for elucidating adiponectin's precise role and therapeutic potential in diverse disease states.