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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3 variants are also...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Assays for Validating Histone Acetyltransferase Inhibitors
09:11

Assays for Validating Histone Acetyltransferase Inhibitors

Published on: August 6, 2020

Histone deacetylases as targets for multiple diseases.

Jaiprakash N Sangshetti1, Nikhil S Sakle, M H G Dehghan

  • 1Y.B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus, Rauza Baugh, Aurangabad-431001, India. jnsangshetti@rediffmail.com

Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
|August 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) offer a promising therapeutic strategy by reversing epigenetic changes in diseases. Ongoing research and development of novel HDIs are expanding their potential for treating various conditions.

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Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue

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Assays for Validating Histone Acetyltransferase Inhibitors
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Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue
09:43

Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue

Published on: November 30, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Aberrant epigenetic modifications are implicated in numerous diseases.
  • Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Inhibiting HDACs offers a potential therapeutic avenue for both cancerous and non-cancerous conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of HDAC inhibitors (HDIs).
  • To discuss the developmental progress of HDIs for various therapeutic applications.
  • To highlight the potential of HDIs in treating a range of diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of HDACs and HDIs.
  • Analysis of the structural characteristics and active sites of HDACs.
  • Examination of the pipeline and clinical progress of HDI drugs.

Main Results:

  • The structure of HDACs is well-defined, with identified active sites.
  • First-generation HDAC inhibitors have demonstrated clinical efficacy.
  • Second-generation HDIs are being rationally designed for enhanced specificity.

Conclusions:

  • HDIs represent a rapidly advancing class of therapeutic agents.
  • The continued development of HDIs is expected to yield significant clinical benefits.
  • HDIs hold promise for the treatment of a wide spectrum of diseases.