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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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Polyaniline-based highly sensitive microbial biosensor for selective detection of lindane.

M U Anu Prathap1, Akhilesh Kumar Chaurasia, Shilpa N Sawant

  • 1Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, India.

Analytical Chemistry
|August 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A novel electrochemical biosensor detects the pesticide lindane (γ-HCH) with high sensitivity. This whole-cell biosensor uses engineered E. coli and polyaniline film for rapid, selective lindane detection at part-per-trillion levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Lindane (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, γ-HCH) is a persistent organochlorine pesticide.
  • Accurate detection of lindane is crucial for environmental monitoring and public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive, selective, and rapid whole-cell-based electrochemical biosensor for lindane detection.
  • To utilize engineered Escherichia coli and polyaniline film for enhanced sensing capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Cloned and overexpressed the linA2 gene in E. coli for lindane biodegradation.
  • Immobilized lindane-biodegrading E. coli cells on a polyaniline film.
  • Monitored changes in polyaniline conductivity via pulsed amperometry due to HCl generation from lindane degradation.

Main Results:

  • The biosensor detected lindane with high sensitivity in the part-per-trillion range (linear response from 2 to 45 ppt).
  • Demonstrated selectivity for γ-HCH isomers and PCCH, with no response to other chlorides or common pesticides (DDT, DDE).
  • Established polyaniline's efficacy as a pH sensor for H+ ions in the microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • The developed electrochemical biosensor offers a sensitive, selective, and rapid method for lindane detection.
  • The engineered E. coli and polyaniline-based system shows promise for environmental monitoring of organochlorine pesticides.