Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early years,...
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview01:24

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview

Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Practical Steps: Using Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Catatonia.

The journal of ECT·2026
Same author

Genetics of Response to ECT, TMS, Ketamine and Esketamine.

American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics·2025
Same author

Consensus review and considerations on TMS to treat depression: A comprehensive update endorsed by the National Network of Depression Centers, the Clinical TMS Society, and the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·2025
Same author

Association between autism diagnosis rates and adolescent depression: A population-based study in Sweden.

Psychiatry research·2025
Same author

The genetics of severe depression.

Molecular psychiatry·2024
Same author

Cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy in depressed adolescents.

Journal of affective disorders·2024
Same journal

Corrigendum to Temporary Pacemaker in a Pediatric Guillain-Barré Case With Life-Threatening Bradyarrhythmia Pediatr Neurol 177 (2026) 109-110. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2026.01.015.

Pediatric neurology·2026
Same journal

Clinical Symptoms in Late Infantile and Juvenile Onset Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Type 7 (CLN7 Disease).

Pediatric neurology·2026
Same journal

Examining Epilepsy in Angelman Syndrome: Insights From Caregiver-Reported Data in the Linking Angelman and Dup15q Data for Expanded Research Database.

Pediatric neurology·2026
Same journal

Impact of Postpandemic Pediatric Infection Rebound on Febrile Seizures: A Nationwide Cohort Study, 2013-2023.

Pediatric neurology·2026
Same journal

The Hidden Cost of Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy in Australia: Caregiver Quality of Life, Sleep, Depression, and Workforce Participation.

Pediatric neurology·2026
Same journal

A Novel Neonatal Brain Injury Score for Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.

Pediatric neurology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins
09:07

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins

Published on: August 15, 2017

Stability of intellectual functioning during maintenance electroconvulsive therapy.

Lee E Wachtel1, Dirk M Dhossche, Irving M Reti

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 707 North Broadway Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Wachtel@kennedykrieger.org

Pediatric Neurology
|August 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) did not impair cognitive function in a teenage boy with cerebellar dysgenesis. This case study supports the safety of maintenance ECT for pediatric and developmentally disabled populations.

More Related Videos

Conventional Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Step-by-Step Protocol
10:54

Conventional Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Step-by-Step Protocol

Published on: November 21, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins
09:07

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins

Published on: August 15, 2017

Conventional Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Step-by-Step Protocol
10:54

Conventional Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Step-by-Step Protocol

Published on: November 21, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Malignant catatonia is a rare but life-threatening syndrome.
  • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for catatonia.
  • Cerebellar dysgenesis can impact neurodevelopment and cognitive function.

Observation:

  • A 16-year-old male with cerebellar dysgenesis presented with malignant catatonia.
  • The patient underwent 61 sessions of acute and maintenance electroconvulsive therapy.
  • Neuropsychological testing assessed intellectual functioning, acute memory, and delayed memory.

Findings:

  • Neuropsychological assessments before and after 61 electroconvulsive therapy treatments showed no decline in intellectual functioning.
  • No evidence of acute or delayed memory impairment was observed post-ECT.
  • Cognitive stability was maintained throughout the treatment course.

Implications:

  • This case provides evidence for the cognitive safety of electroconvulsive therapy in adolescents.
  • The findings support the use of maintenance ECT in pediatric populations with developmental disabilities.
  • Further research into the long-term cognitive effects of ECT in this demographic is warranted.