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Related Concept Videos

Actin Filament Depolymerization01:19

Actin Filament Depolymerization

Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...
Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER01:29

Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER

ER is the primary site for the maturation and folding of soluble and transmembrane secretory proteins. The calnexin cycle is a specific chaperone system that folds and assesses the confirmation of N-glycosylated proteins before they can exit the ER lumen. The primary players of this quality check pipeline are the lectins, ER-resident chaperones, and a glucosyl transferase enzyme. In case the calnexin system in the lumen fails to salvage a misfolded protein, it is transported to the cytoplasm...
The Contractile Ring02:15

The Contractile Ring

Contractile rings are composed of microfilaments and are responsible for separating the daughter cells during cytokinesis. Contractile ring assembly proceeds along with other cell cycle events; however, very few mechanistic details are known about the timing and coordination of the contractile rings with the cell cycle.
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Using In Vitro Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer to Study the Dynamics Of Protein Complexes at a Millisecond Time Scale
10:50

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Published on: March 14, 2019

Cullin RING ligases: glommed by glomulin.

Ventzislava A Hristova1, Daniel K Stringer, Allan M Weissman

  • 1Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

Molecular Cell
|August 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Glomulin inhibits Cullin RING ligase 1 (CRL1) by blocking its interaction with ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2). This discovery offers new insights into ubiquitin ligase regulation and potential therapeutic targets.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Using In Vitro Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer to Study the Dynamics Of Protein Complexes at a Millisecond Time Scale
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Cullin RING ligases (CRLs) are a major class of E3 ubiquitin ligases essential for protein degradation.
  • Ubiquitin ligase activity is tightly regulated, involving interactions with various regulatory and substrate-targeting proteins.

Discussion:

  • Recent studies identify glomulin as a specific inhibitor of CRL1.
  • Glomulin functions by preventing the association between CRL1 and its cognate ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2).

Key Insights:

  • Glomulin acts as a negative regulator of CRL1 activity.
  • This mechanism highlights a novel mode of CRL regulation, distinct from canonical substrate recruitment.

Outlook:

  • Understanding glomulin's inhibitory role can reveal new therapeutic strategies targeting CRL-mediated pathways.
  • Further research into glomulin-E2-CRL1 interactions may uncover broader implications in cellular processes regulated by ubiquitination.