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Related Concept Videos

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Ion Exchange

Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael acceptor.

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Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by &#960;-&#960; Stacking Interactions
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Cationic polymers and their therapeutic potential.

Sangram Keshari Samal1, Mamoni Dash, Sandra Van Vlierberghe

  • 1Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. SangramKeshari.Samal@UGent.be

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Summary

Cationic polymers show great promise for gene delivery and other therapies due to their flexibility and efficiency. This review highlights recent advances in their synthesis, applications, and biomedical materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Gene Therapy

Background:

  • Cationic polymers are extensively researched for non-viral gene delivery.
  • Their properties include flexibility, ease of synthesis, robustness, and high gene delivery efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent scientific advances in cationic polymers and their derivatives.
  • To explore their applications beyond gene delivery, including alternative therapeutics.
  • To cover synthesis, preparation, and biomedical material applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific advances.
  • Synthesis and preparation of cationic polymers.
  • Exploration of inherent bioactivity and therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in drug and gene delivery applications.
  • Advancements in tissue engineering using cationic polymers.
  • Development of novel cationic polymer-based biomedical materials.

Conclusions:

  • Cationic polymers are versatile materials with broad therapeutic potential.
  • Recent research has expanded their applications in medicine and biomaterials.
  • Continued innovation in cationic polymer science promises further clinical translation.