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Related Concept Videos

The Vestibular System01:29

The Vestibular System

The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Using Unidirectional Rotations to Improve Vestibular System Asymmetry in Patients with Vestibular Dysfunction
05:02

Using Unidirectional Rotations to Improve Vestibular System Asymmetry in Patients with Vestibular Dysfunction

Published on: August 30, 2019

Replacing semicircular canal function with a vestibular implant.

Daniel M Merfeld1, Richard F Lewis

  • 1Jenks Vestibular Physiology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. dan_merfeld@meei.harvard.edu

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
|August 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vestibular implants offer hope for individuals with bilateral vestibulopathy. Research indicates these devices are technologically feasible and can lead to significant functional improvements, though not a return to normal vestibular function.

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Surgical Labyrinthectomy of the Rat to Study the Vestibular System
04:03

Surgical Labyrinthectomy of the Rat to Study the Vestibular System

Published on: May 19, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Using Unidirectional Rotations to Improve Vestibular System Asymmetry in Patients with Vestibular Dysfunction
05:02

Using Unidirectional Rotations to Improve Vestibular System Asymmetry in Patients with Vestibular Dysfunction

Published on: August 30, 2019

Surgical Labyrinthectomy of the Rat to Study the Vestibular System
04:03

Surgical Labyrinthectomy of the Rat to Study the Vestibular System

Published on: May 19, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Bilateral vestibulopathy significantly impairs physical and social functioning.
  • The need for interventions is highlighted by the severe handicap experienced by patients.
  • Recent advancements and clinical development by MED-EL make this review timely.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in vestibular implant development.
  • To assess the feasibility and potential of vestibular implants for clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on vestibular implant technology.
  • Analysis of data from human and animal studies on vestibular implants.
  • Examination of surgical approaches for electrode insertion and neuronal stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Two surgical approaches for vestibular implant electrode insertion are viable.
  • Three-dimensional vestibular implants in monkeys demonstrated near-normal vestibulo-ocular reflex gains.
  • Artificial vestibular stimulation integrates with existing sensory cues and shows brain plasticity.

Conclusions:

  • Vestibular implants are technologically and physiologically feasible, supported by human and animal data.
  • Significant functional improvements are possible, though normal function is not expected.
  • Vestibular implants represent a promising therapeutic avenue for bilateral vestibulopathy.