An introduction to the biopsychosocial complexities of managing wound pain

Using the Manchester pain management model (PAIN), this review discusses the care of acute and chronic wounds, focussing on the particular skills required to manage pain associated with different types of wounds, and addressing the important area of dressing change. Acute and chronic wounds can be associated with either acute or chronic pain, making management of wound pain a significant challenge. Pain can be of either nociceptive or neuropathic origin, and the longer it has been present, the more likely that psychological, social or cultural determinants influence the reactions seen in the patient. Understanding the biopsychosocial and cultural elements of pain enables the practitioner to prepare, assess, intervene and normalise effectively, during all aspects of wound care management. Utilising individualised evidence-based practice is essential to ensure that high-quality care is delivered in this key area.