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Related Concept Videos

DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Re: Diagnosis of fetal submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities in failed array CGH samples: copy number by sequencing as an alternative to microarrays for invasive fetal testing. K. Cohen, A. Tzika, H. Wood, S. Berri, P. Roberts, G. Mason and E. Sheridan. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015; 45: 394-401.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

FISH for Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis
07:34

FISH for Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis

Published on: February 23, 2011

Microarray comparative genomic hybridization in prenatal diagnosis: a review.

S C Hillman1, D J McMullan, D Williams

  • 1School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.

Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
|August 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Chromosomal karyotyping and microarray technology are used in prenatal diagnosis to detect fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Microarray analysis offers higher resolution but presents interpretation challenges for clinicians.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Prenatal Diagnostics
  • Genomic Medicine

Background:

  • G-band chromosomal karyotyping has been a standard for identifying fetal structural chromosomal anomalies since the 1960s.
  • Prenatal testing is indicated for parental concerns, advanced maternal age, high-risk screening, or ultrasound-detected malformations.
  • Karyotyping results inform prognosis, linking aneuploidy to poor outcomes and microscopic anomalies to neurodevelopmental morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide clinicians with an overview of microarray technology in prenatal diagnosis.
  • To discuss the current literature, advantages, and potential pitfalls of microarray analysis.
  • To share clinical experience with microarray technology from a tertiary center.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on microarray technology in prenatal diagnosis.
  • Analysis of clinical data and experience from a tertiary care center.
  • Comparison of microarray technology with traditional G-band chromosomal karyotyping.

Main Results:

  • Microarray technology enables high-resolution, genome-wide evaluation for DNA copy number abnormalities (deletions/duplications).
  • Advances in microarray promise increased sensitivity and specificity in detecting chromosomal abnormalities.
  • Microarray technology presents challenges in interpretation and clinical management.

Conclusions:

  • Microarray technology represents a significant advancement in prenatal diagnosis, offering higher resolution than karyotyping.
  • Clinicians require updated knowledge to navigate the interpretation and management complexities associated with microarray findings.
  • Further research and standardized guidelines are essential for optimal integration of microarray technology into routine prenatal care.