Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more similar...
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pancreatitis Risk Genes Play a Major Role in Pediatric Pancreatitis: Insights From INSPPIRE.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·2026
Same author

Long-term disease progression in pediatric acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis: A report from INSPPIRE.

Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.]·2026
Same author

Internet-delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention for Pain in Pediatric Acute Recurrent and Chronic Pancreatitis: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Pancreas·2025
Same author

Utility and utilization of transabdominal ultrasound in pediatric patients with acute recurrent or chronic pancreatitis.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2025
Same author

Letter to the Editor Comment on: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) findings in pediatric patients with choledocholithiasis justify a surgery in first approach: A multi-center study.

Journal of pediatric surgery·2025
Same author

Sirolimus utilization in pediatric liver transplantation: A large high-volume quaternary center experience.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer
06:01

A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer

Published on: July 6, 2017

Colorectal polyps in childhood.

Kalpesh Thakkar1, Douglas S Fishman, Mark A Gilger

  • 1The Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition at Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. kthakkar@bcm.tmc.edu

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|August 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Colorectal polyps in children, though often benign, require careful evaluation. Research highlights genetic links, diagnostic advances, and treatment options like celecoxib for familial adenomatous polyposis, emphasizing personalized surveillance strategies.

More Related Videos

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer
28:15

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer

Published on: July 28, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer
06:01

A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer

Published on: July 6, 2017

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer
28:15

Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer

Published on: July 28, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Gastrointestinal Oncology
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Colorectal polyps are a frequent cause of pediatric gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Understanding their prevalence and risk factors is crucial for early detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of colorectal polyps in children.
  • To summarize recent advancements in the genetics, diagnosis, and treatment of these polyps.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on pediatric colorectal polyps.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data on pharmacologic interventions.
  • Examination of novel endoscopic techniques and genetic testing ethics.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence estimated at 6.1% overall, 12.0% in bleeding cases; higher risk in non-Caucasian children.
  • Juvenile polyps show recurrence rates of 45% (multiple) and 17% (solitary).
  • Celecoxib demonstrated efficacy in reducing polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP); novel endoscopic techniques show promise.

Conclusions:

  • While often benign, vigilance is needed for the small subset of children at risk for cancer.
  • Current surveillance based solely on polyp count may be insufficient; personalized approaches are necessary.