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Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
06:07

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Published on: October 6, 2022

Asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations decrease in patients with HIV infection under antiretroviral therapy.

Katharina Kurz1, Tom Teerlink, Mario Sarcletti

  • 1Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.

Antiviral Therapy
|August 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV patients reduces asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and immune activation markers. This suggests that altered dimethylarginine metabolism is unlikely to cause cardiovascular risks in treated HIV individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular disease research
  • HIV/AIDS research
  • Metabolic research

Background:

  • Elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a cardiovascular risk factor, is observed in HIV-infected patients.
  • ADMA levels correlate with immune activation markers like neopterin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on arginine, ADMA, and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) levels.
  • To correlate changes in these metabolites with immune activation markers and lipid profiles during ART.

Main Methods:

  • Quantified ADMA, SDMA, arginine, neopterin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in 112 HIV patients before and after 12 months of successful ART.
  • Utilized HPLC for metabolite analysis and ELISA for plasma neopterin.
  • Monitored HIV RNA, CD4(+) T-cell counts, lipids, and CRP to assess disease activity and treatment response.

Main Results:

  • ART led to decreased levels of ADMA, SDMA, and arginine, paralleling reductions in HIV RNA and neopterin.
  • Cholesterol and triglyceride levels, along with CD4(+) T-cell counts, increased post-ART.
  • No significant change in CRP levels was observed; a significant inverse association between ADMA and cholesterol was noted after ART.

Conclusions:

  • Successful ART significantly reduces methylated arginines and immune activation markers in HIV patients.
  • The findings indicate that disturbances in dimethylarginine metabolism are unlikely to be the primary cause of increased cardiovascular event risk in HIV-infected patients undergoing ART.