Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Effects of Partial-body, Continuous/Pulse Irradiation at Dose Rates from Flash to Conventional Rates on the Level of Surviving Blood Lymphocytes: Modeling Approach. III. Lymphocyte Survival Is a Biomarker of Flash Sparing Effects.

Radiation research·2026

Same author

Non-DSB clustered damage is much more frequent than DSBs in galactic cosmic ray exposures.

Life sciences in space research·2026

Same author

Multinomial probability model of radiation induced DSB and non-DSB clusters: tandem and bistranded damage clusters.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Comprehensive Analysis of Sorghum CNGC Genes Reveals Their Potential Roles in Abiotic Stress Responses.

Genes·2025

Same author

The key to prolong the life of Fe-based cathode for electro-activating peroxydisulfate: Surface oxygen.

Journal of environmental sciences (China)·2025

Same author

Integrated morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses uncover the mechanisms of waterlogging tolerance in <i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.).

Frontiers in plant science·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay

Published on: September 14, 2021

Modularized Smad-regulated TGFβ signaling pathway.

Yongfeng Li¹, Minli Wang, Claudio Carra

¹USRA, Division of Space Life Sciences, Houston, TX 77058, USA.

Mathematical Biosciences

|August 16, 2012

Summary

This study models the transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) pathway, revealing how Smad proteins regulate cellular processes. The mathematical model confirms pathway excitability and robustness, crucial for understanding cellular responses.

More Related Videos

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Published on: October 27, 2020

Live Cell Imaging of the TGF- β/Smad3 Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo Using an Adenovirus Reporter System

Live Cell Imaging of the TGF- β/Smad3 Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo Using an Adenovirus Reporter System

Published on: July 30, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay

Published on: September 14, 2021

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Published on: October 27, 2020

Live Cell Imaging of the TGF- β/Smad3 Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo Using an Adenovirus Reporter System

Live Cell Imaging of the TGF- β/Smad3 Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo Using an Adenovirus Reporter System

Published on: July 30, 2018

Area of Science:

Cellular Biology
Systems Biology
Biophysics

Background:

The transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway is a critical regulator of cellular functions.
TGFβ signaling is induced by stimuli like ionizing radiation and involves a negative feedback loop.
Key components include regulatory Smads, Smad7, and Smurf2, which target TGFβ receptors for degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a mathematical model for analyzing the Smad-regulated TGFβ signaling pathway.
To investigate the nonlinear dynamics and regulatory mechanisms within the TGFβ network.
To explore and validate the excitability property of the TGFβ signaling pathway.

Main Methods:

Proposed a modular mathematical modeling approach to dissect the TGFβ pathway.
Analyzed individual component subsystems mathematically.
Employed numerical simulations to study pathway dynamics and excitability.

Main Results:

The mathematical model successfully captured the nonlinear dynamics of the entire TGFβ signaling network.
Modular analysis facilitated a comprehensive understanding of pathway components.
Numerical simulations confirmed the presence of excitability in the TGFβ pathway, demonstrating model robustness.

Conclusions:

The developed mathematical model provides a robust framework for studying the TGFβ signaling pathway.
The findings highlight the significance of Smad regulation and pathway excitability in cellular processes.
This work contributes to a deeper understanding of how cells respond to external stimuli via TGFβ signaling.