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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors

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Published on: September 27, 2019

An incurable itch: head lice.

Christine H Smith¹, Ran D Goldman

¹Pediatric Research in Emergency Therapeutics program, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC.

Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien

|August 16, 2012

Summary

Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestations are common. Treatment involves topical insecticides or wet combing, with retreatment necessary to ensure eradication and minimize resistance.

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Public Health
Parasitology

Background:

Head lice infestations are a frequent public health concern, especially in school-aged children.
Multiple treatments are often required for successful eradication of head lice.
Louse resistance to treatments is a growing issue, complicating management.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline current treatment recommendations for head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis).
To discuss strategies for minimizing insecticide resistance and social stigmatization associated with head lice.
To review available management options for head lice infestations.

Main Methods:

Diagnosis and treatment should be confirmed by the presence of live lice.
Management options include topical therapies and physical removal methods like wet combing.

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Studies comparing the efficacy of different treatments are limited.

Main Results:

Topical insecticide treatment requires retreatment in approximately 7 days.
Wet combing necessitates repeated treatments every 2 to 3 days for 2 weeks.
Geographically variable resistance patterns are the primary cause of treatment failure.

Conclusions:

Accurate diagnosis is crucial to limit unnecessary treatment and reduce resistance.
Treatment strategies should consider potential insecticide resistance.
Repeat treatments are essential for effective head lice eradication.