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Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy
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Optimal two-layer directive microphone array with application in near-field acoustical holography.

Mingsian R Bai1, Chunkai Wang, Shen-Wei Juan

  • 1Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. msbai@pme.nthu.edu.tw

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This study introduces an optimal array design for near-field acoustical holography (NAH) using unidirectional microphones. The new method enhances acoustic imaging robustness against interfering sound sources and sensor noise.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Array Signal Processing
  • Computational Mechanics

Background:

  • Conventional near-field acoustical holography (NAH) relies on free-field assumptions, leading to inaccuracies with interfering sources.
  • Previous combined pressure-velocity NAH methods offer some interference rejection.
  • Robustness against interfering sources in NAH requires advanced array design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of unidirectional microphones for enhanced robustness in NAH against interfering sources.
  • To develop an optimal array design considering directivity and self-noise immunity.
  • To validate the proposed optimal array with an equivalent source model (ESM)-based NAH.

Main Methods:

  • Designing a two-element end-fire array using unidirectional microphones.
  • Tailoring array channel characteristics for directivity and self-noise robustness.
  • Employing linear quadratic optimization with an objective function based on directivity index and white noise gain.
  • Validating the array using equivalent source model (ESM)-based NAH simulations with an interfering source.

Main Results:

  • Numerical simulations demonstrated that finite difference estimation noise can negate benefits of velocity-based reconstruction.
  • The proposed optimal array design improved image quality compared to conventional methods.
  • Enhanced robustness against interfering sources and sensor noise was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The directive optimal array design effectively enhances near-field acoustical holography performance in the presence of interfering sources.
  • Tailoring array characteristics with unidirectional microphones offers a viable solution for robust acoustic imaging.
  • The proposed method provides improved image quality and interference rejection in practical acoustic environments.