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Updated: May 19, 2026

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

Published on: May 3, 2011

Acoustic communication in deep water exploiting multiple beams with a horizontal array.

¹Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0238, USA. hcsong@ucsd.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

|August 17, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Coherent acoustic communication in deep water is feasible over 550 km. Enhancing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with larger apertures improves data rates for underwater acoustic communication.

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Area of Science:

Oceanography
Acoustics
Signal Processing

Background:

Deep-water acoustic communication presents challenges due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Previous experiments demonstrated feasibility of coherent long-range acoustic communication (200-300 Hz) over ~550 km using a 100 m aperture towed array.
Conventional beamforming was necessary to enhance SNR for signal decoding.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of a larger array aperture on deep-water acoustic communication performance.
To demonstrate improved communication capabilities by exploiting multiple adjacent beams.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a horizontal towed array with a larger aperture (~200 m).
Employing multiple adjacent beams to process acoustic signals.
Implementing channel equalization and decoding for Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation.

Main Results:

Achieved an almost error-free data rate of 100 bits/s for QPSK modulation.
Demonstrated improved communication performance at a range of ~550 km with the larger aperture.
Showcased the effectiveness of multiple adjacent beams in enhancing communication.

Conclusions:

A larger array aperture significantly enhances deep-water acoustic communication performance.
Exploiting multiple adjacent beams is a viable strategy for improving SNR and data rates in long-range underwater acoustic systems.
The study confirms the potential for reliable high-speed data transmission in deep-water acoustic channels.