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Electrical Conductivity01:13

Electrical Conductivity

In perfect conductors, the electric field inside is always zero due to the abundance of free electrons, which nullify any field by flowing. As a result, any residual charge resides on the surface.
In a practical conductor, an applied electric field may be sustained, causing a flow of electrons, which produce a current. The differential form of the current, the current density, is related to the electric field.
More generally, it is related to the force per unit charge, which involves the...
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals01:27

Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals

Lattice energy represents the energy released when gaseous cations and anions combine to form an ionic solid, reflecting the strength of electrostatic interactions within the crystal. This process is fundamentally governed by Coulombic attraction between oppositely charged ions, where the potential energy varies inversely with the interionic distance and directly with the product of ionic charges. As ions approach one another, the electrostatic energy becomes increasingly negative, indicating a...
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

LaCo(1-x)Ni(x)O3 with improved electrical conductivity.

Hisashi Kozuka1, Kazushige Ohbayashi, Kunihito Koumoto

  • 1NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd., 2808, Iwasaki, Komaki-shi, Aichi 485-8510, Japan. h-kozuka@mg.ngkntk.co.jp

Inorganic Chemistry
|August 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary

LaCo(0.5)Ni(0.5)O(3) exhibits excellent electrical conductivity, making it a promising material for high-temperature electrical wiring. Its stability in air up to 900°C surpasses that of conventional metals.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

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06:44

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Published on: June 9, 2023

Writing and Low-Temperature Characterization of Oxide Nanostructures
06:43

Writing and Low-Temperature Characterization of Oxide Nanostructures

Published on: July 18, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Perovskite oxides are explored for advanced material applications.
  • Understanding electronic transport properties is crucial for developing new conductive materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate LaCo(1-x)Ni(x)O(3) as a potential conductive material for electrical wiring.
  • To investigate the impact of Nickel (Ni) doping on the electronic transport properties of LaCo(1-x)Ni(x)O(3).

Main Methods:

  • Hall effect measurements were employed to determine carrier concentration and mobility.
  • Rietveld analyses were used for structural characterization.
  • Band-structure calculations provided insights into electronic properties.

Main Results:

  • Nickel doping at 50 mol% (LaCo(0.5)Ni(0.5)O(3)) achieved a high electrical conductivity of 1.9 × 10^3 S/cm at room temperature.
  • This conductivity is attributed to a high carrier concentration (2.2 × 10^22 cm^-3) and a low effective mass (0.1 m(e)).
  • The material maintained high electrical conductivity from room temperature up to 900°C, with a lower temperature coefficient of conductivity than standard metals.

Conclusions:

  • LaCo(0.5)Ni(0.5)O(3) demonstrates exceptional electrical conductivity and thermal stability.
  • The material is highly suitable for high-temperature electrical wiring applications in air.
  • This research opens avenues for using perovskite oxides in demanding electrical environments.