Three-dimensional computer-aided human factors engineering analysis of a grafting robot

Area of Science:

• Human Factors Engineering
• Ergonomics
• Agricultural Robotics

Background:

• Grafting robots offer potential efficiency gains in fruit and vegetable production.
• Assessing operator ergonomics is crucial for the successful implementation of robotic systems in agriculture.

Purpose of the Study:

• To perform a human factors engineering analysis on a prototype grafting robot design.
• To evaluate operator stress and optimize the working environment using ergonomic simulations.

Main Methods:

• Utilized computer-aided 3D simulation with I-DEAS and Jack software.
• Incorporated six human models (male/female, 5th, 50th, 95th percentile) to simulate working conditions.
• Analyzed lower back and upper limb stress using Lower Back Analysis (LBA) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA).

Main Results:

• Introducing leg space under the robot allows operators to sit closer, reducing lower back and upper limb stress.
• Optimal environmental layout for Taiwanese operators identified: 23.2 cm distance, 85 cm height, 45 cm rootstock-scion gap.
• Ergonomic adjustments significantly mitigate physical strain on grafting robot operators.

Conclusions:

• Human factors engineering analysis is vital for optimizing agricultural robotic systems.
• Design modifications, such as leg space and precise workstation layout, can substantially improve operator well-being.
• Ergonomic considerations are key to sustainable and safe adoption of grafting robot technology.