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Related Concept Videos

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes01:16

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes

Aldehydes are named based on the systematic nomenclature rules set by the IUPAC. For acyclic aldehydes, the longest carbon chain containing the aldehydic (–CHO) group is considered the parent chain. The aldehyde is named by replacing the last letter “e” in the hydrocarbon name with “al”. For instance, a simple, seven-carbon-membered acyclic aldehyde is called heptanal, derived from heptane. The carbon chain is numbered starting from the aldehydic carbon, although the aldehydic carbon’s locant...
Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation01:01

Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation

Benzaldehyde, like formaldehyde, lacks an α hydrogen and cannot enolize to form an enolate. Hence, the reaction of benzaldehyde with a ketone in the presence of an aqueous base forms a single crossed product. This reaction is referred to as Claisen–Schmidt condensation.
As the self-condensation of ketones is generally not favored in basic conditions, the self-condensed products do not form in the reaction between ketones and benzaldehyde. The general reaction of Claisen–Schmidt condensation is...
Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Oxidation and Reduction00:59

Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Oxidation and Reduction

The benzylic position describes the position of a carbon atom attached directly to a benzene ring. Benzene by itself does not undergo oxidation. In contrast, the benzylic carbon is quite reactive in the presence of strong oxidizing agents such as KMnO4 or H2CrO4. Therefore, alkylbenzenes are readily oxidized to benzoic acid, irrespective of the type of alkyl groups.
Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with a Single Substituent01:23

Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with a Single Substituent

Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon or arene. The IUPAC names for simple monosubstituted benzene derivatives are derived by adding the substituent's name as a prefix to the parent benzene. For example, halobenzene, where the halogen could be fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), and iodo (I).
Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation01:22

Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation

Baeyer–Villiger oxidation converts aldehydes to carboxylic acids and ketones to esters. The reaction uses peroxy acids or peracids and is often catalyzed by acid. The reaction is named after its pioneers, Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger. The reaction is achieved by a wide range of peracids such as m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), perbenzoic acid (C6H5COOOH), peracetic acid (CH3COOOH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH).
The carbonyl center is activated by...
Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process01:10

Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is eliminated to generate the benzyne...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
08:43

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

2,4-Bis[(prop-2-yn-yl)-oxy]benzaldehyde.

M Esakkiammal, V Selvarani, M A Neelakantan

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |August 21, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study details the structure of a novel benzaldehyde derivative with two prop-2-yn-yloxy groups. Crystal packing analysis reveals specific C-H⋯O interactions influencing its solid-state arrangement.

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    Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
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    Efficient Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized Benzenes in Water via Persulfate-promoted Benzannulation of α,β-Unsaturated Compounds and Alkynes

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    Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
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    Published on: January 19, 2016

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    Efficient Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized Benzenes in Water via Persulfate-promoted Benzannulation of α,β-Unsaturated Compounds and Alkynes
    05:34

    Efficient Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized Benzenes in Water via Persulfate-promoted Benzannulation of α,β-Unsaturated Compounds and Alkynes

    Published on: December 16, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Organic Chemistry
    • Crystallography
    • Supramolecular Chemistry

    Background:

    • Benzaldehyde derivatives are crucial building blocks in organic synthesis.
    • Understanding intermolecular interactions is key to designing functional materials.
    • Propargyl ethers offer versatile reactivity for further chemical modifications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To synthesize and characterize a novel benzaldehyde derivative.
    • To elucidate the crystal structure and packing of the title compound.
    • To investigate the role of non-covalent interactions in the solid-state architecture.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
    • Organic synthesis techniques for compound preparation.
    • Structural analysis of intermolecular C-H⋯O interactions.

    Main Results:

    • The title compound, C(13)H(10)O(3), was successfully synthesized and characterized.
    • The crystal structure reveals a benzaldehyde core substituted with two prop-2-yn-yloxy groups at the 2 and 6 positions.
    • Analysis identified significant C-H⋯O interactions contributing to the observed crystal packing.

    Conclusions:

    • The synthesized compound exhibits a unique structural motif with potential for further functionalization.
    • The identified C-H⋯O interactions play a critical role in stabilizing the crystal lattice.
    • This work provides insights into the structure-property relationships of substituted benzaldehydes.