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An ecosystem evaluation framework for global seamount conservation and management.

Gerald H Taranto1, Kristina Ø Kvile, Tony J Pitcher

  • 1Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas, IMAR, LARSYS, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal.

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Summary

A new framework helps identify ecologically or biologically significant seamount areas (EBSAs) and their threats. This tool aids in prioritizing marine conservation efforts to protect biodiversity and meet Convention on Biological Diversity goals.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine conservation biology
  • Biodiversity assessment
  • Seamount ecosystems

Background:

  • Global marine biodiversity targets, including the Convention on Biological Diversity's (CBD) goal of protecting 10% of marine biomes by 2020, have largely failed.
  • Identifying ecologically or biologically significant areas (EBSAs) is crucial for achieving these targets, but standardized methodologies are lacking.
  • Seamounts are unique marine ecosystems that require effective conservation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel framework for identifying potential ecologically or biologically significant seamount areas (EBSAs).
  • To integrate CBD criteria with available data on seamount characteristics and human impacts.
  • To provide a tool for classifying seamounts into conservation categories to optimize management.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a framework combining the probability of a seamount being an EBSA with its human impact level.
  • Applied the framework globally, regionally, and locally.
  • Classified seamounts into four portfolio conservation categories.
  • Validated the framework using 1000 dummy seamounts and eight case studies.

Main Results:

  • The framework successfully assigned dummy seamounts to appropriate EBSA and threat categories.
  • Case study seamounts were classified into three of the four portfolio categories, highlighting areas with high EBSA likelihood and varying threat levels.
  • The methodology accounts for different ecological groups in pelagic and benthic communities.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework offers a standardized approach to identify and prioritize seamount EBSAs for conservation.
  • It enables managers to tailor conservation policies based on EBSA likelihood and threat levels, supporting biodiversity protection and recovery efforts.
  • This tool is vital for mitigating seamount biodiversity loss and achieving the CBD's 2020 targets.