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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Tailored nanoparticles for tumour therapy.

Pei-Shin Jiang1, Philip Drake, Hui-Ju Cho

  • 1ITRI, Biomedical Technology and Device Research Lab, Taiwan.

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
|August 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Gadolinium-doped iron-oxide nanoparticles show enhanced efficacy in magnetic fluid hyperthermia for tumor therapy. These nanoparticles significantly inhibit tumor growth and promote regression in mouse models.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) is an emerging cancer therapy.
  • Iron-oxide nanoparticles are commonly used for MFH but can be improved.
  • Gadolinium (Gd) doping offers potential to enhance nanoparticle properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop Gd-doped iron-oxide nanoparticles for MFH tumor therapy.
  • To investigate the impact of Gd3+ doping on nanoparticle size and magnetic properties.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of these nanoparticles in a preclinical mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of Gd-doped iron-oxide nanoparticles (GdₓFe₃₋ₓO₄).
  • Compositional analysis using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
  • Particle size determination via Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
  • Magnetic property assessment including specific power absorption rate (SAR) measurements.
  • In vivo efficacy testing using a mouse tumor model.

Main Results:

  • Gd doping resulted in nanoparticle compositions ranging from Gd0.01Fe2.99O4 to Gd0.04Fe2.96O4.
  • TEM analysis revealed average core diameters of 12 nm and 33 nm for low and high Gd concentrations, respectively.
  • The maximum SAR value achieved was 38 Wg⁻¹ [Fe] for Gd0.03Fe2.97O4, approximately four times higher than Fe3O4.
  • In vivo studies showed significantly slower tumor growth (25% mass increase) in mice treated with Gd0.02Fe2.98O4 compared to controls (79% mass increase) over 7 days.
  • Complete tumor regression was observed in mice after a second treatment cycle with Gd0.02Fe2.98O4.

Conclusions:

  • Gd doping enhances the magnetic properties and specific power absorption rate (SAR) of iron-oxide nanoparticles.
  • Gd-doped iron-oxide nanoparticles demonstrate superior efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth compared to standard iron-oxide nanoparticles.
  • These findings highlight the potential of Gd-doped iron-oxide nanoparticles for effective in vivo tumor therapy via MFH.