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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes

Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes

Published on: April 12, 2015

MicroRNAs and neuronal development.

Dario Motti¹, John L Bixby, Vance P Lemmon

¹Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

|August 22, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of neuronal development. This review highlights over a decade of research demonstrating their crucial roles in fine-tuning gene expression within the brain.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes

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Published on: April 12, 2015

Preparation of Small RNA Libraries for Sequencing from Early Mouse Embryos

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Published on: October 9, 2020

Generating and Co-culturing Murine Primary Microglia and Cortical Neurons

Generating and Co-culturing Murine Primary Microglia and Cortical Neurons

Published on: July 26, 2024

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Genetics

Background:

Non-protein coding RNAs play vital roles in biological processes.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate messenger RNA abundance.
miRNAs are involved in complex regulatory networks for fine-tuning gene expression, impacting cell fate, proliferation, and identity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review over 10 years of research on microRNAs (miRNAs).
To discuss key findings establishing miRNAs as crucial regulators in neuronal development.
To highlight the significance of miRNAs in the vertebrate brain, which expresses more distinct miRNAs than any other tissue.

Main Methods:

Literature review of miRNA research over the past decade.
Analysis of studies focusing on miRNA function in neuronal development.
Synthesis of findings on transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs.

Main Results:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are established as key regulators of neuronal development.
The brain exhibits a high diversity of miRNAs, reflecting its complex cell types and neuronal classes.
miRNA-mediated gene expression regulation is critical for neuronal cell fate, proliferation, and identity.

Conclusions:

MicroRNAs are indispensable for proper neuronal development.
The intricate regulatory roles of miRNAs in the brain underscore their importance in neuroscience.
Continued research into miRNAs promises further insights into brain function and development.