Lung re-transplantation: review

Re-transplantation of the lung has come of age. Here, we wish to review the recent literature on the topic and discuss clinical implications.

Many large volume transplant centres routinely perform lung re-transplantation with satisfactory outcomes. The main indication is bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, that is chronic rejection of a previous lung transplant. Other indications, such as primary graft failure or early airway complications, are regarded with more caution, as outcomes compare less favourably with those following primary transplantation.

Re-transplantation of the lung can be performed safely and with outcomes rivalling those of primary transplants in carefully selected recipients with chronic rejection of a previous transplant.