Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 19, 2026

A Behavioral Assay for Investigating the Role of Spatial Memory During Instinctive Defense in Mice
Published on: July 21, 2018
How distance mitigates perceived threat at 30-90 m
1Institute of Environmental Quality, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. InstituteOfEnvironmentalQuality@comcast.net
Abstract:
It has previously been shown that distance mitigates the extent to which non-verbal cues such as direction of eye gaze, facial expression, sex, and posture communicate threat. However, the range of distances investigated has been limited to 45m or less. Theory predicts that there should be effects at distances up to 100 m. This article reports findings on how strongly sex and posture communicate threat at ranges up to 90 m. Results suggest that the distance where non-verbal cues cease to communicate threat is in the range of 30-90 m.
Related Concept Videos
Echo
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case, then the...
Distance Problem
Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions
Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors
Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

