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Policies and program implementation experience to improve maternal nutrition in Ethiopia
Lisa S Saldanha1, Laura Buback, Jessica M White
1Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA. lsaldanh@tulane.edu
Food and Nutrition Bulletin
|August 24, 2012
Summary
Maternal undernutrition in Ethiopia is a significant issue. Improving maternal nutrition requires addressing community factors, increasing service demand, and strengthening health systems, with community-based programs showing promise.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Maternal and Child Nutrition
- Health Systems Research
Background:
- Maternal undernutrition is a persistent challenge in Ethiopia.
- Existing maternal, neonatal, and child health (MNCH) interventions are underutilized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore needs, perceptions, and priorities for improving maternal nutrition in Ethiopia.
- To identify facilitating factors and barriers to implementing maternal nutrition policies and programs.
Main Methods:
- A situation analysis was conducted using compiled background information.
- Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were held with mothers, community leaders, health workers, and district health officials in Tigray and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region.
Main Results:
- Key issues identified were maternal anemia, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and maternal thinness/stunting.
- Community factors contributing to undernutrition include low women's status, food insecurity, poverty, and workload.
- Low awareness and demand for nutrition services (except supplementary food) were noted, alongside supply-side barriers like low prioritization and weak technical capacity.
Conclusions:
- Community-based health and nutrition services offer a viable platform for delivering interventions like micronutrient supplements and behavior change communication.
- Investment in training, supplies, supervision, and monitoring is crucial for these community programs.
- Exploring cash or food transfers could help address intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) at scale.
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