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Published on: July 5, 2022
Eating problems in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysis
1Department of Psychology, NIHR CLAHRC for South Yorkshire, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. v.young@sheffield.ac.uk
Summary
Eating problems like disordered eating and eating disorders are more prevalent in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes compared to peers. These issues are linked to poorer glycaemic control, highlighting the need for screening and interventions.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
Background:
- Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) face unique challenges in managing their condition.
- Eating problems, including disordered eating and eating disorders, are a growing concern in this population.
- The impact of eating problems on glycaemic control in young adults with T1D requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the prevalence of eating problems in adolescents with T1D compared to their peers.
- To examine the association between eating problems and glycaemic control in this demographic.
- To inform clinical practice and future research directions.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases.
- Meta-analysis was employed to synthesize data from 13 eligible studies.
- Cohen's d was calculated to determine the mean difference between T1D and comparison groups.
Main Results:
- Eating problems, encompassing disordered eating behavior (39.3%) and eating disorders (7.0%), were significantly more common in adolescents with T1D.
- Both disordered eating behavior and eating disorders were associated with poorer glycaemic control (d=0.40).
- Even when using diabetes-specific measures, associations between eating problems and poorer glycaemic control persisted (d=0.54).
Conclusions:
- Eating problems are a common and significant issue among adolescents with Type 1 diabetes.
- There is a clear association between eating problems and suboptimal glycaemic control in this population.
- Development of sensitive measures, interventions, and screening protocols for eating problems in T1D clinics is recommended.
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