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Ultrastructural morphogenesis of salmonid alphavirus 1
T K Herath1, H W Ferguson, K D Thompson
1School of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK. tkh1@stir.ac.uk
Journal of Fish Diseases
|August 24, 2012
Summary
Salmonid alphavirus 1 (SAV 1) utilizes host cell membranes for replication and assembly, forming virus-like particles within vesicles. Mature SAV 1 virions bud from cells around 24 hours post-infection, similar to mammalian alphaviruses.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Viral morphogenesis studies reveal host cell mechanism utilization for virion synthesis.
- Salmonid alphavirus 1 (SAV 1) is a significant pathogen affecting fish populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the ultrastructural morphogenesis and replication pathway of SAV 1 in Chinook salmon embryo cells (CHSE-214).
- To compare SAV 1 replication with known mammalian alphaviruses.
Main Methods:
- Time-course study of SAV 1 infection in CHSE-214 cells.
- Electron microscopy to observe viral replication stages.
- Analysis of host cell organelle involvement.
Main Results:
- Virus-like particles observed in membrane-bound vesicles within 1 hour post-infection.
- Membrane-dependent replication complexes and spherules identified in the cytoplasm and vacuoles.
- Increased Golgi apparatus and vacuole activity noted in infected cells.
- Mature virions observed budding from cells around 24 hours post-infection.
Conclusions:
- SAV 1 employs intracellular membranes for RNA replication, akin to other positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses.
- The SAV 1 replication pathway in vitro shares similarities with mammalian alphaviruses, with distinct differences observed.
- Ultrastructural analysis provides insights into SAV 1 assembly and host cell interaction.
