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Bacteria causing respiratory infections in children and their sensitivity to antibiotics
1Child and youth protection, Obrenovac, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
Insights
This study identified common bacterial pathogens in children, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most frequent gram-positive bacteria. Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed varying effectiveness against these common pediatric infections.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Bacteriology
Background:
- Bacterial infections are common in children, necessitating an understanding of prevalent pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibilities.
- Data from 1983-1986 provides a historical baseline for common bacterial agents in pediatric respiratory samples.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the most frequent bacterial agents isolated from pediatric nose and pharynx samples.
- To analyze the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of these common bacterial pathogens in children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of bacterial isolates from children visiting a health center between 1983 and 1986.
- Identification of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus haemolyticus, E. coli, Klebsiella enterobacter, Proteus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Assessment of bacterial sensitivity to various antibiotics, including cloxacillin, sulphametoxazole-trimethoprim, lincomycin, penicillin, ampicillin, cephalosporins, erythromycin, aminoglycosides, sulphonamides, and chloramphenicol.
Main Results:
- Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent gram-positive isolate (40-44%).
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (6-12%) and Streptococcus haemolyticus group A (14-19%) were also common.
- Gram-negative bacteria included E. coli (14%), Klebsiella enterobacter (8%), Proteus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2-4%).
- Staphylococcus aureus showed high sensitivity to cloxacillin (96%) and sulphametoxazole-trimethoprim (95%), but resistance to penicillin.
- Streptococcus pneumoniae was sensitive to ampicillin, lincomycin, erythromycin (96%), and cephalosporins (83%).
- E. coli demonstrated high sensitivity to aminoglycosides (97%) and sulphonamides (96%).
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to aminoglycosides (95%) and gentamycin (92%) but resistant to cephalosporins and ampicillin.
Conclusions:
- Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus haemolyticus group A are significant bacterial pathogens in pediatric respiratory infections.
- Antibiotic resistance patterns, particularly penicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, highlight the need for appropriate antibiotic selection.
- Sensitivity data guides empirical treatment choices for common pediatric bacterial infections, with aminoglycosides and sulphonamides being effective against many gram-negative isolates.
Abstract:
The author lists the most frequent bacterial agents isolated from the nose and pharynx samples of children that visited the Child Health Centre from 1983 to 1986. The gram-positive bacteria found most often were: Staphylococcus aureus (44% in 1983, 40% in 1986). Streptococcus pneumoniae (6% in 1983, 12% in 1986), and Streptococcus haemolyticus of group "A" (14% in 1983, 19% in 1986). The isolated gram-negative bacteria were: E. coli (14%), Klebsiella enterobacter (8%), and Proteus species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2 to 4% [4, 6, 7, 16]). According to the author's analyses Staphylococcus aureus is highly sensitive to cloxacilline (96%, no changes in the 4-year period), then to sulphametoxasol-trimetropin (95%), to lincomycine (85% no change), while to penicillin it is entirely resistant. Streptococcus pneumoniae proved sensitive to ampicillin, lincocine and erythromycin (96%), to cephalosporins (83%) and to sulphamides (85%). Streptococcus haemolyticus from group "A" reacted to penicillin excellently. The greatest sensitivity to gram-negative bacteria E. coli related to aminoglycosides (97%), sulphonamides (96%), chloramphenicol (91%), and to cephalosporines (90%, in 1986 only 60%). Klebsiella enterobacter reacted to aminoglycosides (97%), sulphonamides (92%) and chloramphenicol (83%) and Pseudomonas to aminoglycosides (95%), gentamycin (92%), while to cephalosporines and ampicillin preparations it proved totally resistant.