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Related Concept Videos

Surveys02:16

Surveys

Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
Introspection01:29

Introspection

Introspection, long upheld as a reliable route to self-knowledge, involves examining one's thoughts, emotions, and mental processes. It underpins many psychological practices, from mindfulness meditation to psychotherapy and self-help strategies. However, empirical evidence challenges the accuracy of introspection as a means of understanding oneself.Limitations of Introspective InsightSeminal work by Nisbett and Wilson demonstrated that individuals are frequently unaware of the true causes...
Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
Archival Research01:40

Archival Research

Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and...
Personal Identity01:25

Personal Identity

Personal identity is the deeply felt sense of self that individuals cultivate over time, intricately woven from intrinsic qualities they consider essential to their existence—qualities such as morality, intelligence, and friendliness. These attributes serve as vital internal benchmarks, guiding individuals in evaluating whether their actions resonate with their true selves.When personal identity takes center stage in one's life, individuals often emphasize their distinctiveness, highlighting...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime
07:36

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime

Published on: May 3, 2016

Modified personal interviews: resurrecting reliable personal interviews for admissions?

Mark D Hanson1, Kulamakan Mahan Kulasegaram, Nicole N Woods

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. mark.hanson@utoronto.ca

Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges
|August 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The modified personal interview (MPI) format, using multiple independent sampling (MIS), significantly improved reliability in medical school admissions. This approach also proved more time-efficient than traditional interviews.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime
07:36

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime

Published on: May 3, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Admissions Processes
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Traditional personal interviews in admissions offer flexibility but suffer from low inter-interviewer reliability.
  • Previous research suggested multiple independent sampling (MIS) could enhance interview reliability.
  • The Leadership Education and Development (LEAD) Program at the University of Toronto sought to improve admissions interview reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability and resource demands of a modified personal interview (MPI) format incorporating MIS.
  • To assess the effectiveness of MPI in medical student admissions for the LEAD Program.

Main Methods:

  • Candidates for the LEAD Program underwent a modified personal interview (MPI) process.
  • Selected candidates completed four brief, independent interviews (10-12 minutes each) with different interviewers.
  • MPI questions were aligned with leadership attributes, and interviewer assessments used a five-point Likert scale; reliability was analyzed using generalizability theory.

Main Results:

  • The MPI process demonstrated an overall inter-interview reliability of 0.79.
  • Acceptable reliability (0.74) was achieved with just three MPIs and a global rating.
  • The MPI format required 66% less time compared to traditional admissions interviews.

Conclusions:

  • The MPI format, utilizing MIS and expert interviewers, achieved high reliability and efficient resource utilization in medical student admissions.
  • This modified interview approach offers a reliable and resource-effective alternative for admissions processes.
  • MPIs show potential applicability for various other admissions and selection tasks.